Bla ordlisten:
Differences in resource use (costs) and differences in outcomes (effects) can occur over short or long periods of time.
The time horizon that is used in an evaluation of the cost effectiveness of treatments determines the time period within which differences in resource use and outcomes are included.
Often there will be a trade-off between using a shorter time horizon (e.g. based on the length of follow up for the studies that have evaluated the treatment effects) or a longer time horizon.
With the shorter time horizon, there is more certainty about the effect estimates, and cost estimates.
The longer time horizon may be more relevant to decision-makers and include potentially important information not captured with the shorter time horizon. However, it is less certain, because of the lack of direct evidence of what happens beyond the length of follow-up in the available studies, and the need to extrapolate from those studies.
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